Intervensi Oral Hygiene pada Pasien dengan Ventilator Mekanik untuk Menurunkan Risiko Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) di ICU/ICCU: Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63265/jkti.v4i4.454Abstract
Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU/ICCU settings and contributes to increased mortality, length of stay, and healthcare costs. Oral hygiene is considered an important intervention for preventing VAP by reducing bacterial colonization in the oral cavity and respiratory tract. Aim: This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of various oral hygiene interventions in mechanically ventilated patients to reduce the risk of VAP in ICU/ICCU settings. Method: The method used was a literature review by searching articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases published between 2021–2026 using the PRISMA guideline. Result: The review results showed that various oral hygiene methods, including chlorhexidine use, toothbrushing, oral care bundles, suction sponge swabs, Professional Oral Hygiene Care (POHC), and propolis application, were effective in improving oral hygiene status, reducing bacterial colonization, and decreasing VAP incidence among mechanically ventilated patients. Chlorhexidine remains the most recommended oral care agent; however, propolis has shown potential as an effective natural alternative. Routine, standardized, and evidence-based oral hygiene implementation is essential to improve the quality of critical care management in ICU/ICCU patients
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Copyright (c) 2026 Robertus Rebon, Ratih Arum Vatmasari, Syahrun, R. Rexsi Chrisdinatha Putera, Lailaturohmah Kurniawati, Amalia Mastuty, Muhammad Ardianto Rodin
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