Stres dan Hubungan dengan Ketidakaturan Siklus Menstuasi: Narrative Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63265/jkti.v4i4.308Keywords:
kesehatan reproduksi, ; kortisol, siklus menstruasi tidak teratur, stres, sumbu HPAAbstract
Stres merupakan salah satu faktor psikologis yang banyak dialami perempuan usia reproduktif dan berpotensi memengaruhi kesehatan reproduksi, khususnya keteraturan siklus menstruasi. Paparan stres yang berkepanjangan dapat mengganggu regulasi hormonal melalui mekanisme neuroendokrin sehingga memicu gangguan menstruasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara stres dan ketidakteraturan siklus menstruasi pada perempuan usia reproduktif berdasarkan hasil penelitian ilmiah terkini. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review terhadap artikel ilmiah periode 2020–2026 yang diperoleh melalui basis data PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci stress, menstrual irregularity, HPA axis, cortisol, dan reproductive health. Sebanyak 100 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar penelitian menemukan hubungan signifikan antara tingkat stres dan gangguan siklus menstruasi. Stres dapat mengaktifkan sumbu Hipotalamus–Pituitari–Adrenal (HPA) yang meningkatkan kadar kortisol sehingga mengganggu keseimbangan hormon reproduksi seperti GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogen, dan progesteron. Kesimpulannya, stres berperan penting terhadap ketidakteraturan menstruasi, sehingga pengelolaan stres diperlukan untuk menjaga kesehatan reproduksi perempuan.
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